- Assertion Testing
- Async Hooks
- Buffer
- C++ Addons
- C/C++ Addons - N-API
- Child Processes
- Cluster
- Command Line Options
- Console
- Crypto
- Debugger
- Deprecated APIs
- DNS
- Domain
- ECMAScript Modules
- Errors
- Events
- File System
- Globals
- HTTP
- HTTP/2
- HTTPS
- Inspector
- Internationalization
- Modules
- Net
- OS
- Path
- Performance Hooks
- Process
- Punycode
- Query Strings
- Readline
- REPL
- Stream
- String Decoder
- Timers
- TLS/SSL
- Trace Events
- TTY
- UDP/Datagram
- URL
- Utilities
- V8
- VM
- Worker Threads
- ZLIB
Node.js v10.13.0-rc.1 Documentation
Table of Contents
-
- Synopsis
-
-
--
--abort-on-uncaught-exception
--completion-bash
--enable-fips
--experimental-modules
--experimental-repl-await
--experimental-vm-modules
--experimental-worker
--force-fips
--icu-data-dir=file
--inspect-brk[=[host:]port]
--inspect-port=[host:]port
--inspect[=[host:]port]
--loader=file
--napi-modules
--no-deprecation
--no-force-async-hooks-checks
--no-warnings
--openssl-config=file
--pending-deprecation
--preserve-symlinks
--preserve-symlinks-main
--prof
--prof-process
--redirect-warnings=file
--throw-deprecation
--title=title
--tls-cipher-list=list
--trace-deprecation
--trace-event-categories
--trace-event-file-pattern
--trace-events-enabled
--trace-sync-io
--trace-warnings
--track-heap-objects
--use-bundled-ca
,--use-openssl-ca
--v8-options
--v8-pool-size=num
--zero-fill-buffers
-c
,--check
-e
,--eval "script"
-h
,--help
-i
,--interactive
-p
,--print "script"
-r
,--require module
-v
,--version
-
NODE_DEBUG=module[,…]
NODE_DISABLE_COLORS=1
NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS=file
NODE_ICU_DATA=file
NODE_NO_WARNINGS=1
NODE_OPTIONS=options...
NODE_PATH=path[:…]
NODE_PENDING_DEPRECATION=1
NODE_PRESERVE_SYMLINKS=1
NODE_REDIRECT_WARNINGS=file
NODE_REPL_HISTORY=file
NODE_V8_COVERAGE=dir
OPENSSL_CONF=file
SSL_CERT_DIR=dir
SSL_CERT_FILE=file
UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE=size
Command Line Options#
Node.js comes with a variety of CLI options. These options expose built-in debugging, multiple ways to execute scripts, and other helpful runtime options.
To view this documentation as a manual page in a terminal, run man node
.
Synopsis#
node [options] [V8 options] [script.js | -e "script" | -] [--] [arguments]
node inspect [script.js | -e "script" | <host>:<port>] …
node --v8-options
Execute without arguments to start the REPL.
For more info about node inspect
, please see the debugger documentation.
Options#
All options, including V8 options, allow words to be separated by both
dashes (-
) or underscores (_
).
For example, --pending-deprecation
is equivalent to --pending_deprecation
.
-
#
Alias for stdin, analogous to the use of - in other command line utilities, meaning that the script will be read from stdin, and the rest of the options are passed to that script.
--
#
Indicate the end of node options. Pass the rest of the arguments to the script. If no script filename or eval/print script is supplied prior to this, then the next argument will be used as a script filename.
--abort-on-uncaught-exception
#
Aborting instead of exiting causes a core file to be generated for post-mortem
analysis using a debugger (such as lldb
, gdb
, and mdb
).
If this flag is passed, the behavior can still be set to not abort through
process.setUncaughtExceptionCaptureCallback()
(and through usage of the
domain
module that uses it).
--completion-bash
#
Print source-able bash completion script for Node.js.
$ node --completion-bash > node_bash_completion
$ source node_bash_completion
--enable-fips
#
Enable FIPS-compliant crypto at startup. (Requires Node.js to be built with
./configure --openssl-fips
.)
--experimental-modules
#
Enable experimental ES module support and caching modules.
--experimental-repl-await
#
Enable experimental top-level await
keyword support in REPL.
--experimental-vm-modules
#
Enable experimental ES Module support in the vm
module.
--experimental-worker
#
Enable experimental worker threads using the worker_threads
module.
--force-fips
#
Force FIPS-compliant crypto on startup. (Cannot be disabled from script code.)
(Same requirements as --enable-fips
.)
--icu-data-dir=file
#
Specify ICU data load path. (Overrides NODE_ICU_DATA
.)
--inspect-brk[=[host:]port]
#
Activate inspector on host:port
and break at start of user script.
Default host:port
is 127.0.0.1:9229
.
--inspect-port=[host:]port
#
Set the host:port
to be used when the inspector is activated.
Useful when activating the inspector by sending the SIGUSR1
signal.
Default host is 127.0.0.1
.
--inspect[=[host:]port]
#
Activate inspector on host:port
. Default is 127.0.0.1:9229
.
V8 inspector integration allows tools such as Chrome DevTools and IDEs to debug and profile Node.js instances. The tools attach to Node.js instances via a tcp port and communicate using the Chrome DevTools Protocol.
--loader=file
#
Specify the file
of the custom experimental ECMAScript Module loader.
--napi-modules
#
This option is a no-op. It is kept for compatibility.
--no-deprecation
#
Silence deprecation warnings.
--no-force-async-hooks-checks
#
Disables runtime checks for async_hooks
. These will still be enabled
dynamically when async_hooks
is enabled.
--no-warnings
#
Silence all process warnings (including deprecations).
--openssl-config=file
#
Load an OpenSSL configuration file on startup. Among other uses, this can be
used to enable FIPS-compliant crypto if Node.js is built with
./configure --openssl-fips
.
--pending-deprecation
#
Emit pending deprecation warnings.
Pending deprecations are generally identical to a runtime deprecation with the
notable exception that they are turned off by default and will not be emitted
unless either the --pending-deprecation
command line flag, or the
NODE_PENDING_DEPRECATION=1
environment variable, is set. Pending deprecations
are used to provide a kind of selective "early warning" mechanism that
developers may leverage to detect deprecated API usage.
--preserve-symlinks
#
Instructs the module loader to preserve symbolic links when resolving and caching modules.
By default, when Node.js loads a module from a path that is symbolically linked
to a different on-disk location, Node.js will dereference the link and use the
actual on-disk "real path" of the module as both an identifier and as a root
path to locate other dependency modules. In most cases, this default behavior
is acceptable. However, when using symbolically linked peer dependencies, as
illustrated in the example below, the default behavior causes an exception to
be thrown if moduleA
attempts to require moduleB
as a peer dependency:
{appDir}
├── app
│ ├── index.js
│ └── node_modules
│ ├── moduleA -> {appDir}/moduleA
│ └── moduleB
│ ├── index.js
│ └── package.json
└── moduleA
├── index.js
└── package.json
The --preserve-symlinks
command line flag instructs Node.js to use the
symlink path for modules as opposed to the real path, allowing symbolically
linked peer dependencies to be found.
Note, however, that using --preserve-symlinks
can have other side effects.
Specifically, symbolically linked native modules can fail to load if those
are linked from more than one location in the dependency tree (Node.js would
see those as two separate modules and would attempt to load the module multiple
times, causing an exception to be thrown).
The --preserve-symlinks
flag does not apply to the main module, which allows
node --preserve-symlinks node_module/.bin/<foo>
to work. To apply the same
behavior for the main module, also use --preserve-symlinks-main
.
--preserve-symlinks-main
#
Instructs the module loader to preserve symbolic links when resolving and
caching the main module (require.main
).
This flag exists so that the main module can be opted-in to the same behavior
that --preserve-symlinks
gives to all other imports; they are separate flags,
however, for backward compatibility with older Node.js versions.
Note that --preserve-symlinks-main
does not imply --preserve-symlinks
; it
is expected that --preserve-symlinks-main
will be used in addition to
--preserve-symlinks
when it is not desirable to follow symlinks before
resolving relative paths.
See --preserve-symlinks
for more information.
--prof
#
Generate V8 profiler output.
--prof-process
#
Process V8 profiler output generated using the V8 option --prof
.
--redirect-warnings=file
#
Write process warnings to the given file instead of printing to stderr. The file will be created if it does not exist, and will be appended to if it does. If an error occurs while attempting to write the warning to the file, the warning will be written to stderr instead.
--throw-deprecation
#
Throw errors for deprecations.
--title=title
#
Set process.title
on startup.
--tls-cipher-list=list
#
Specify an alternative default TLS cipher list. Requires Node.js to be built with crypto support (default).
--trace-deprecation
#
Print stack traces for deprecations.
--trace-event-categories
#
A comma separated list of categories that should be traced when trace event
tracing is enabled using --trace-events-enabled
.
--trace-event-file-pattern
#
Template string specifying the filepath for the trace event data, it
supports ${rotation}
and ${pid}
.
--trace-events-enabled
#
Enables the collection of trace event tracing information.
--trace-sync-io
#
Prints a stack trace whenever synchronous I/O is detected after the first turn of the event loop.
--trace-warnings
#
Print stack traces for process warnings (including deprecations).
--track-heap-objects
#
Track heap object allocations for heap snapshots.
`--use-bundled-ca`, `--use-openssl-ca`#
Use bundled Mozilla CA store as supplied by current Node.js version or use OpenSSL's default CA store. The default store is selectable at build-time.
The bundled CA store, as supplied by Node.js, is a snapshot of Mozilla CA store that is fixed at release time. It is identical on all supported platforms.
Using OpenSSL store allows for external modifications of the store. For most Linux and BSD distributions, this store is maintained by the distribution maintainers and system administrators. OpenSSL CA store location is dependent on configuration of the OpenSSL library but this can be altered at runtime using environment variables.
See SSL_CERT_DIR
and SSL_CERT_FILE
.
--v8-options
#
Print V8 command line options.
--v8-pool-size=num
#
Set V8's thread pool size which will be used to allocate background jobs.
If set to 0
then V8 will choose an appropriate size of the thread pool based
on the number of online processors.
If the value provided is larger than V8's maximum, then the largest value will be chosen.
--zero-fill-buffers
#
Automatically zero-fills all newly allocated Buffer
and SlowBuffer
instances.
`-c`, `--check`#
Syntax check the script without executing.
`-e`, `--eval "script"`#
Evaluate the following argument as JavaScript. The modules which are
predefined in the REPL can also be used in script
.
On Windows, using cmd.exe
a single quote will not work correctly because it
only recognizes double "
for quoting. In Powershell or Git bash, both '
and "
are usable.
`-h`, `--help`#
Print node command line options. The output of this option is less detailed than this document.
`-i`, `--interactive`#
Opens the REPL even if stdin does not appear to be a terminal.
`-p`, `--print "script"`#
Identical to -e
but prints the result.
`-r`, `--require module`#
Preload the specified module at startup.
Follows require()
's module resolution
rules. module
may be either a path to a file, or a node module name.
`-v`, `--version`#
Print node's version.
Environment Variables#
NODE_DEBUG=module[,…]
#
','
-separated list of core modules that should print debug information.
NODE_DISABLE_COLORS=1
#
When set to 1
colors will not be used in the REPL.
NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS=file
#
When set, the well known "root" CAs (like VeriSign) will be extended with the
extra certificates in file
. The file should consist of one or more trusted
certificates in PEM format. A message will be emitted (once) with
process.emitWarning()
if the file is missing or
malformed, but any errors are otherwise ignored.
Note that neither the well known nor extra certificates are used when the ca
options property is explicitly specified for a TLS or HTTPS client or server.
NODE_ICU_DATA=file
#
Data path for ICU (Intl
object) data. Will extend linked-in data when compiled
with small-icu support.
NODE_NO_WARNINGS=1
#
When set to 1
, process warnings are silenced.
NODE_OPTIONS=options...
#
A space-separated list of command line options. options...
are interpreted as
if they had been specified on the command line before the actual command line
(so they can be overridden). Node.js will exit with an error if an option
that is not allowed in the environment is used, such as -p
or a script file.
Node options that are allowed are:
--enable-fips
--experimental-modules
--experimental-repl-await
--experimental-vm-modules
--experimental-worker
--force-fips
--icu-data-dir
--inspect
--inspect-brk
--inspect-port
--loader
--napi-modules
--no-deprecation
--no-force-async-hooks-checks
--no-warnings
--openssl-config
--pending-deprecation
--redirect-warnings
--require
,-r
--throw-deprecation
--title
--tls-cipher-list
--trace-deprecation
--trace-event-categories
--trace-event-file-pattern
--trace-events-enabled
--trace-sync-io
--trace-warnings
--track-heap-objects
--use-bundled-ca
--use-openssl-ca
--v8-pool-size
--zero-fill-buffers
V8 options that are allowed are:
--abort-on-uncaught-exception
--max-old-space-size
--perf-basic-prof
--perf-prof
--stack-trace-limit
NODE_PATH=path[:…]
#
':'
-separated list of directories prefixed to the module search path.
On Windows, this is a ';'
-separated list instead.
NODE_PENDING_DEPRECATION=1
#
When set to 1
, emit pending deprecation warnings.
Pending deprecations are generally identical to a runtime deprecation with the
notable exception that they are turned off by default and will not be emitted
unless either the --pending-deprecation
command line flag, or the
NODE_PENDING_DEPRECATION=1
environment variable, is set. Pending deprecations
are used to provide a kind of selective "early warning" mechanism that
developers may leverage to detect deprecated API usage.
NODE_PRESERVE_SYMLINKS=1
#
When set to 1
, instructs the module loader to preserve symbolic links when
resolving and caching modules.
NODE_REDIRECT_WARNINGS=file
#
When set, process warnings will be emitted to the given file instead of
printing to stderr. The file will be created if it does not exist, and will be
appended to if it does. If an error occurs while attempting to write the
warning to the file, the warning will be written to stderr instead. This is
equivalent to using the --redirect-warnings=file
command-line flag.
NODE_REPL_HISTORY=file
#
Path to the file used to store the persistent REPL history. The default path is
~/.node_repl_history
, which is overridden by this variable. Setting the value
to an empty string (''
or ' '
) disables persistent REPL history.
NODE_V8_COVERAGE=dir
#
When set, Node.js will begin outputting V8 JavaScript code coverage to the directory provided as an argument. Coverage is output as an array of ScriptCoverage objects:
{
"result": [
{
"scriptId": "67",
"url": "internal/tty.js",
"functions": []
}
]
}
NODE_V8_COVERAGE
will automatically propagate to subprocesses, making it
easier to instrument applications that call the child_process.spawn()
family
of functions. NODE_V8_COVERAGE
can be set to an empty string, to prevent
propagation.
At this time coverage is only collected in the main thread and will not be output for code executed by worker threads.
OPENSSL_CONF=file
#
Load an OpenSSL configuration file on startup. Among other uses, this can be
used to enable FIPS-compliant crypto if Node.js is built with ./configure --openssl-fips
.
If the --openssl-config
command line option is used, the environment
variable is ignored.
SSL_CERT_DIR=dir
#
If --use-openssl-ca
is enabled, this overrides and sets OpenSSL's directory
containing trusted certificates.
Be aware that unless the child environment is explicitly set, this environment variable will be inherited by any child processes, and if they use OpenSSL, it may cause them to trust the same CAs as node.
SSL_CERT_FILE=file
#
If --use-openssl-ca
is enabled, this overrides and sets OpenSSL's file
containing trusted certificates.
Be aware that unless the child environment is explicitly set, this environment variable will be inherited by any child processes, and if they use OpenSSL, it may cause them to trust the same CAs as node.
UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE=size
#
Set the number of threads used in libuv's threadpool to size
threads.
Asynchronous system APIs are used by Node.js whenever possible, but where they do not exist, libuv's threadpool is used to create asynchronous node APIs based on synchronous system APIs. Node.js APIs that use the threadpool are:
- all
fs
APIs, other than the file watcher APIs and those that are explicitly synchronous crypto.pbkdf2()
crypto.randomBytes()
, unless it is used without a callbackcrypto.randomFill()
dns.lookup()
- all
zlib
APIs, other than those that are explicitly synchronous
Because libuv's threadpool has a fixed size, it means that if for whatever
reason any of these APIs takes a long time, other (seemingly unrelated) APIs
that run in libuv's threadpool will experience degraded performance. In order to
mitigate this issue, one potential solution is to increase the size of libuv's
threadpool by setting the 'UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE'
environment variable to a value
greater than 4
(its current default value). For more information, see the
libuv threadpool documentation.